Biomass Fractionation Technologies for Lignocellulosic Feedstock Based

Biomass fractionation is a process of converting lignocellulosic biomass into its component parts, such as cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. This process can be used to produce a variety of biobased products, including biofuels, biomaterials, and bioenergy.

Lignocellulosic biomass is a renewable resource that is abundantly available. It is composed of three main components: cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Cellulose is a strong, fibrous material that is used to make paper, cardboard, and other products. Hemicellulose is a polysaccharide that is used to make food additives and other products. Lignin is a complex polymer that is used to make plastics and other products.

Biomass Fractionation Technologies for a Lignocellulosic Feedstock Based Biorefinery

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Biomass fractionation can be used to separate these three components into individual streams. This allows them to be used to produce a variety of different products. For example, cellulose can be used to make biofuels, biomaterials, and bioenergy. Hemicellulose can be used to make food additives and other products. Lignin can be used to make plastics and other products.

Biomass Fractionation Technologies

There are a number of different biomass fractionation technologies that can be used to separate the three main components of lignocellulosic biomass. These technologies can be classified into three main categories: mechanical, chemical, and biological.

Mechanical Fractionation Technologies

Mechanical fractionation technologies use physical force to separate the three main components of lignocellulosic biomass. These technologies include grinding, milling, and extrusion. Grinding and milling are used to reduce the size of the biomass particles, while extrusion is used to force the biomass through a die to separate the different components.

Chemical Fractionation Technologies

Chemical fractionation technologies use chemicals to dissolve the three main components of lignocellulosic biomass. These technologies include acid hydrolysis, alkaline hydrolysis, and organosolv fractionation. Acid hydrolysis uses acids to dissolve the hemicellulose and cellulose, while alkaline hydrolysis uses bases to dissolve the lignin. Organosolv fractionation uses organic solvents to dissolve the lignin.

Biological Fractionation Technologies

Biological fractionation technologies use enzymes to break down the three main components of lignocellulosic biomass. These technologies include enzymatic hydrolysis and microbial fermentation. Enzymatic hydrolysis uses enzymes to break down the cellulose and hemicellulose, while microbial fermentation uses microorganisms to break down the lignin.

Applications of Biomass Fractionation

Biomass fractionation has a wide range of applications in the production of biobased products. These applications include:

• Biofuels: Biomass fractionation can be used to produce a variety of biofuels, including ethanol, biodiesel, and jet fuel.
• Biomaterials: Biomass fractionation can be used to produce a variety of biomaterials, including paper, cardboard, and composites.
• Bioenergy: Biomass fractionation can be used to produce bioenergy, such as heat and electricity.

Biomass fractionation is a promising technology for the production of biobased products. This process can be used to convert lignocellulosic biomass into a variety of different products, including biofuels, biomaterials, and bioenergy. As the demand for renewable resources continues to grow, biomass fractionation is expected to play an increasingly important role in the production of these products.

References

National Renewable Energy Laboratory. (2016). Biomass Fractionation Technologies for Lignocellulosic Feedstock Based. Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory.

Van den Bosch, S., & Schutyser, W. (2015). Lignocellulose Fractionation: An Overview of Processes and Products. Bioresource Technology, 190, 293-304.

Mussatto, S. I., & Teixeira, J. A. (2017). Lignocellulose Fractionation Technologies: A Review. Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology, 92(5),1115-1123.